Linux-Cli-Tutorial(by Saman Khalife)
  • Characters
  • Linux Commands
  • Quick review for commands
  • Config file parameters you can use
  • .github
    • ISSUE_TEMPLATE
      • bug_report
  • Editors-for-command-line
  • TOOLs and APPs
    • Iptables
    • Ufw
      • man
  • Git Commands
  • Installing tools and apps
    • Check-used-ports
    • Clear the cache memory in Linux
    • ulimit
    • ulimit
    • Installing WordPress with Apache
    • Installing WordPress with Nginx
    • what packages are installed by apt
    • wildcard characters for globbing
  • Lpic 1
    • LPIC-1 Exam 101 (101-500) Exam
    • LPIC-1 Exam 101 Objectives
    • how to use lvm snapshots
    • LPIC-1 Exam 102 Objectives
  • Lpic 2
    • how to use lvm
    • LPIC-2 Exam 201 Objectives
    • LPIC-1 Exam 102 (102-500) Exam
    • LPIC-2 Exam 202 Objectives
  • Lpic 3
    • LPIC-2 Exam 201 (201-450) Exam
    • LPIC-3 High Availability and Storage Clusters 306 Objectives
    • LPIC-2 Exam 202 (202-450) Exam
    • LPIC-3 Mixed Environments 300 Objectives.md
    • LPIC-3 High Availability and Storage Clusters 306 Exam
    • LPIC-3 Security Exam 303 Objectives
    • LPIC-3 High Availability and Storage Clusters 306 Objectives
    • LPIC-3 Virtualization and Containerization 305 Objectives
  • TXT FILES
    • accept
    • accton
    • aclocal
    • acpi
    • acpid
    • addr2line
    • addresses
    • agetty
    • alias
    • alsactl
    • amidi
    • amixer
    • anacron
    • apachetop
    • aplay
    • aplaymidi
    • apm
    • apmd
    • apropos
    • apt-get
    • apt
    • aptitude
    • ar
    • arecord
    • arecordmidi
    • arp
    • aspell
    • at
    • atd
    • atop
    • aumix
    • autoconf
    • autoheader
    • automake
    • autoreconf
    • autoscan
    • badblocks
    • banner
    • basename
    • batch
    • bc
    • bg
    • biff
    • bind
    • bison
    • break
    • builtin
    • bzcmp
    • bzdiff
    • bzgrep
    • bzip2
    • cal
    • cardctl
    • cardmgr
    • case
    • cat
    • cc
    • ccrypt
    • cd
    • cdparanoia
    • cfdisk
    • chage
    • chdir
    • chfn
    • chgrp
    • chkconfig
    • chmod
    • chown
    • chpasswd
    • chroot
    • chrt
    • chsh
    • chvt
    • cksum
    • clorm
    • cloumn
    • cmp
    • comm
    • compress
    • continue
    • cp
    • cpio
    • cron
    • crond
    • crontab
    • csplit
    • ctags
    • cupsd
    • curl
    • cut
    • cvs
    • date
    • dd
    • ddrescue
    • debugfs
    • declare
    • depmod
    • devdump
    • df
    • diff
    • dig
    • dircolors
    • dirname
    • disable
    • dlpsh
    • dmesg
    • dmidecode
    • dnsdomainname
    • dnssec-makekeyset
    • dnssec-signkey
    • dnssec-signzone
    • dnssec
    • doexec
    • domainname
    • dosfsck
    • dstat
    • du
    • dump
    • dumpe2fs.
    • dumpkeys
    • e2fsck
    • e2image
    • e2label
    • echo
    • ed
    • edquota
    • eject
    • elvtune
    • emacs
    • enable
    • env
    • envsubst
    • esd-config
    • esd
    • esdcat
    • esdctl
    • esddsp
    • esdmon
    • esdplay
    • esdrec
    • esdsample
    • etags
    • ethtool
    • eval
    • ex
    • exec
    • exit
    • expand
    • expect
    • export
    • expr
    • factor
    • false
    • fc-cache
    • fc-list
    • fc
    • fdformat
    • fdisk
    • fg
    • fgrep
    • file
    • find
    • finger
    • flex
    • fmt
    • fold
    • for
    • formail
    • format
    • free
    • fsck
    • ftpd
    • function
    • g++
    • gawk
    • gdb
    • getent
    • getkeycodes
    • getopts
    • goaccess
    • gorupmod
    • gpasswd
    • gpgsplit
    • gpgv
    • gpm
    • gprof
    • grep
    • groff
    • groffer
    • groupadd
    • groupdel
    • groups
    • grpck
    • grpconv
    • gs
    • gunzip
    • gzexe
    • gzip
    • halt
    • hash
    • hdparm
    • head
    • help
    • hexdump
    • history
    • host
    • hostid
    • hostname
    • hostnamectl
    • htdigest
    • htop
    • hwclock
    • iconv
    • id
    • if
    • ifconfig
    • iftop
    • ifup
    • import
    • inetd
    • info
    • init
    • insmod
    • install
    • iostat
    • iotop
    • ip
    • ipcrm
    • ipcs
    • iptables-restore
    • iptables
    • isodump
    • isoinfo
    • isosize
    • isovfy
    • ispell
    • iwconfig
    • jnettop
    • jobs
    • join
    • journalctl
    • kbdrate
    • kill
    • killall
    • klogd
    • kudzu
    • last
    • lastlog
    • ld
    • ldconfig
    • ldd
    • less
    • lesskey
    • let
    • lftp
    • lftpget
    • link
    • ln
    • loadkeys
    • local
    • locate
    • lockfile
    • logger
    • login
    • logout
    • logrotate
    • logwatch
    • look
    • losetup
    • lpadmin
    • lpc
    • lpinfo
    • lpmove
    • lpq
    • lpr
    • lprint
    • lprintq
    • lprm
    • lpstat
    • ls
    • lsatb
    • lsattr
    • lsblk
    • lshw
    • lsmod
    • lsof
    • lspci
    • lsusb
    • mail
    • mailstats
    • make
    • makedbm
    • makemap
    • man
    • manpath
    • mattrib
    • mbadblocks
    • mcat
    • mcd
    • mcopy
    • mdu
    • merge
    • mesg
    • mformat
    • mkdir
    • mkfs
    • mkraid
    • mktemp
    • mlabel
    • mmove
    • modinfo
    • LPIC-3 Mixed Environments 300 Exam
    • most
    • mount
    • mountd
    • mpartition
    • mpstat
    • mv
    • named
    • nameif
    • neofetch
    • netcat
    • netstat
    • newaliases
    • newgrp
    • newusers
    • nfsstat
    • nice
    • nl
    • nm
    • nmcli
    • nohup
    • nslookup
    • nsupdate
    • objcopy
    • objdump
    • od
    • op
    • open
    • openvt
    • passwd
    • paste
    • patch
    • pathchk
    • pgrep
    • pidof
    • ping
    • pkill
    • pmap
    • popd
    • portmap
    • poweroff
    • pppd
    • pr
    • praliases
    • printcap
    • printenv
    • printf
    • ps
    • ptx
    • pushd
    • pv
    • pwck
    • pwconv
    • pwd
    • quota
    • quotacheck
    • quotactl
    • quotaoff
    • quotaon
    • quotastats
    • raidstart
    • ram
    • ramsize
    • ranlib
    • rar
    • rarpd
    • rcp
    • rdev
    • rdist
    • read
    • readarray
    • readcd
    • readelf
    • readlink
    • readonly
    • reboot
    • reject
    • rename
    • renice
    • repquota
    • reset
    • restore
    • return
    • rev
    • rexecd
    • rlogin
    • rlogind
    • rm
    • rmail
    • rmdir
    • rmmod
    • rndc
    • rootflags
    • route
    • routed
    • rpcgen
    • rpcinfo
    • rpm
    • rsh
    • rshd
    • rsync
    • runlevel
    • rup
    • rusers
    • rusersd
    • rwall
    • rwho
    • rwhod
    • sane-find-scanner
    • sar
    • scanadf
    • scanimage
    • scp
    • screen
    • script
    • scriptreplay
    • sdiff
    • sed
    • select
    • sensors
    • seq
    • service
    • set
    • setfdprm
    • setkeycodes
    • setleds
    • setmetamode
    • setquota
    • setsid
    • setterm
    • sftp
    • sh
    • shift
    • shopt
    • showkey
    • showmount
    • shred
    • shutdown
    • skill
    • slabtop
    • slacttach
    • sleep
    • slocate
    • snice
    • sort
    • source
    • split
    • ss
    • ssh-add
    • ssh-agent
    • ssh-keygen
    • ssh-keyscan
    • ssh
    • stat
    • statd
    • strfile
    • strings
    • strip
    • stty
    • su
    • sudo
    • sum
    • suspend
    • swapoff
    • swapon
    • symlink
    • sysctl
    • sysklogd
    • syslogd
    • systemctl
    • Systemd
    • tac
    • tail
    • tailf
    • talkd
    • tar
    • taskset
    • tcpdump
    • tcpslice
    • tee
    • telinit
    • telnet
    • terminator
    • tfdp
    • tftpd
    • tmpwatch
    • top
    • touch
    • tput
    • tr
    • tracepath
    • traceroute
    • trap
    • tree
    • tset
    • tty
    • tune2fs
    • tunelp
    • type
    • ul
    • unalias
    • uname
    • uncompress
    • unexpand
    • unicode_start
    • unicode_stop
    • uniq
    • units
    • unix2dos
    • unshar
    • until
    • uptime
    • useradd
    • usermod
    • usleep
    • uudecode
    • uuencode
    • uuidgen
    • vidmode
    • vmstat
    • vnstat
    • w
    • wall
    • warnquota
    • watch
    • wc
    • wget
    • whatis
    • which
    • while
    • who
    • whoami
    • write
    • xargs
    • xdg-open
    • xinetd
    • xz
    • yacc
    • ypbind
    • ypcat
    • ypinit
    • ypmatch
    • yppasswd
    • yppasswdd
    • yppoll
    • yppush
    • ypset
    • yptest
    • ypwhich
    • ypxfr
    • zcat
    • zcmp
    • zdiff
    • zdump
    • zforce
    • zgrep
    • zic
    • zip
    • zless
    • znew
    • readme
      • Some basic info about Cloud Computing model and SRE's
      • Ansible Automation
      • Backup and Recovery
      • Linux File Systems and Storage Management
      • Linux Networking
      • shell-scripting
      • LPIC-3 Mixed Environments 300 Objectives
    • File-systems-Cocepts
      • LPIC1-101
        • LPIC-3 Security Exam 303 Exam
        • /dev/
        • /etc/apt/sources.list
        • /etc/fstab
        • /etc/init.d/
        • LPIC-3 Virtualization and Containerization 305 Exam
        • /etc/ld.so.conf
        • /etc/systemd
        • /etc/yum.conf
        • /etc/yum.repos.d/
        • LPIC-3 Virtualization and Containerization 305 Objectives
        • /media
        • /proc/
        • modprobe
        • /sys/
        • /usr/lib/systemd/user/
        • -boot
        • .bash_history
        • Application container
        • BIOS
        • D-Bus machine ID
        • EFI System Partition
        • Guest drivers
        • LD_LIBRARY_PATH
        • Linux containers
        • MBR
        • Quoting
        • SSH host keys
        • SysVinit
        • UEFI
        • VFAT
        • VMs
        • XFS
        • -etc-inittab
        • -home
        • bootloader
        • -root
        • -var
        • dpkg-reconfigure
        • apt-cache
        • bash
        • exFAT
        • ext2/ext3/ext4
        • bunzip2
        • bzcat
        • dpkg
        • Grub-install
        • grub-mkconfig
        • initramfs
        • kernel
        • egrep
        • file globbing
        • filesystem
        • gdisk
        • menu.lst, grub.cfg and grub.conf
        • Partitions
        • regex(7)
        • rpm2cpio
        • sha256sum
        • sha512sum
        • mke2fs
        • mkswap
        • mount points
        • parted
        • swap space
        • tmux
        • umask
        • umount
        • unset
        • unxz
        • updatedb
        • whereis
        • xfs_db
        • xfs_fsr
        • xfs_repair - Copy (2)
      • LPIC1-102
        • xfs_repair
        • xzcat
        • yum
        • zypper
        • -etc-X11-xorg.conf
        • -etc-X11-xrog.conf.d
        • -etc-at.allow
        • -etc-at.deny
        • -etc-bash.bashrc
        • -etc-chrony.conf
        • -etc-cron.allow
        • -etc-cron.deny
        • -etc-cron
        • -etc-crontab
        • -etc-cups
        • -etc-group
        • -etc-hostname
        • -etc-hosts.allow
        • -etc-hosts.deny
        • -etc-hosts
        • -etc-init.d-
        • -etc-inittab
        • -etc-localhost
        • -etc-localtime
        • -etc-logrotate.conf
        • -etc-logrotate.d-
        • -etc-nologin
        • -etc-nsswitches.conf
        • -etc-nto.conf
        • -etc-ntp.conf
        • -etc-passwd
        • -etc-profile
        • -etc-resolv.conf
        • -etc-rsyslog.conf
        • -etc-services
        • -etc-shadow
        • -etc-skel-
        • -etc-ssh-ssh_host_dsa_key and ssh_host_dsa_key.pub
        • -etc-ssh-ssh_host_ecdsa_key and ssh_host_ecdsa_key.pub
        • -etc-ssh-ssh_host_ed25519_key and ssh_host_ed25519_key.pub
        • -etc-ssh-ssh_host_rsa_key and ssh_host_rsa_key.pub
        • -etc-sudoers
        • -etc-systemd-journald.conf
        • -etc-timezone
        • -etc-updatedb.conf
        • -etc-xinetd.conf
        • -etc-xinetd.d-
        • -usr-bin-locale
        • -usr-share-zoneinfo
        • -usr-share-zoninfo
        • -var-log-journal
        • -var-log
        • DISPLAY
        • -var-spool-cron
        • ASCII
        • Gnome
        • Braille Display.
        • CUPS configuration files, tools and utilities
        • Gesture
        • KDE
        • Gestures.
        • High ContrastLarge Print Desktop Themes.
        • IPv4-IPv6
        • ISO-8859
        • LANG
        • LC_
        • LC_ALL
        • Logical OR
        • Mouse keys
        • On-Screen Keyboard.
        • RDP
        • Screen Magnifier.
        • Screen Reader
        • Slow-Bounce-Toggle keys
        • Spice
        • Sticky-Repeat keys
        • Subnetting
        • TCP-UDP-ICMP
        • TZ
        • X
        • UTF-8
        • XDMCP
        • Xfce
        • Unicode
        • VNC
        • Voice recognition
        • X11
        • atq
        • atrm
        • chronyc
        • exim
        • fuser
        • gpg-agent
        • gpg
        • groupmod
        • ifdown
        • logic and
        • logic or
        • lpd legacy interface
        • mailq
        • nmap
        • ntpd
        • ntpdate
        • ping6
        • pool.ntp.org
        • postfix
        • sendmail emulation layer commands
        • sendmail
        • ssh_known_hosts
        • systemd-cat
        • systemd-run
        • systemd.socket
        • test
        • timedatectl
        • tracepath6
        • traceroute6
        • tzselect
        • xauth
        • ulimit
        • unset
        • userdel
        • who, w, last
        • xhost
        • ~-.bash_login
        • ~-.bash_logout
        • ~-.bash_profile
        • ~-.bashrc
        • ~-.forward
        • ~-.gnupg-
        • ~-.profile
        • ~-.ssh-authorized_keys
        • ~-.ssh-id_dsa and id_dsa.pub
      • LPIC2-201
        • /bin/dmesg
        • /bin/uname
        • Device Naming Conventions
        • /dev/mapper/
        • /etc/auto.[dir]
        • /etc/auto.master
        • ~-.ssh-id_ecdsa and id_ecdsa.pub
        • /etc/hostname and /etc/HOSTNAME
        • /etc/hosts.allow , /etc/hosts.deny
        • /etc/hosts
        • /etc/init.d/
        • /etc/inittab
        • /etc/mtab
        • /etc/network and /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts
        • /etc/rc.d/
        • /etc/resolv.conf
        • /etc/sysctl.conf
        • /etc/systemd/
        • /etc/udev/
        • /proc/mdstat
        • ~-.ssh-id_ed25519 and id_ed25519.pub
        • /proc/sys/kernel/
        • /run/systemd/
        • /sbin/depmod
        • /sbin/insmod
        • /sbin/lsmod
        • /sbin/lspci
        • lv
        • /sbin/modinfo
        • /sbin/modprobe
        • pv
        • /sbin/rmmod
        • ~-.ssh-id_rsa and id_rsa.pub
        • LVM Volume Group (vg)
        • /usr/bin/lsdev
        • /usr/bin/lsusb
        • /usr/src
        • EFI System Partition (ESP)
        • GRUB
        • Master boot record
        • ~-.xsesion-errors
        • /boot , /boot/grub , /boot/efi
        • UEFI shell
        • WWID, WWN, LUN numbers
        • blkid
        • blocks in
        • blocks out
        • btrfs, btrfs-convert
        • bzImage
        • -etc-fstab
        • configure
        • cryptsetup
        • diagnose
        • dkms
        • efiboot.img
        • efibootmgr
        • Extlinux
        • fsck
        • -proc-mounts
        • fstrim Command
        • grub-install
        • -sbin-sysctl
        • System log files such as -var-log-syslog, -var-log-messages and the systemd journal
        • initrd and initramfs
        • SysV Init Overview
        • iSCSI Components
        • isohdpfx.bin
        • ISOLINUX
        • chkconfig
        • iw
        • iwlist
        • lib/modules/kernel-version/modules.dep
        • fsck
        • lvm.conf
        • make targets
        • mdadm.conf
        • mdadm
        • mkfs
        • mkinitramfs
        • mkinitrd
        • mkisofs
        • mkswap
        • /etc/modprobe.d/
        • module tools
        • mount and umount
        • hdparm, sdparm
        • mtr (My Traceroute)
        • Netcat(nc)
        • Nmap
        • NVMe (Non-Volatile Memory Express)
        • partition type 0xFD
        • ping , ping6
        • predict growth
        • processes blocked on IO
        • pxelinux.0
        • pxelinux.cfg/
        • resource exhaustion
        • smartd, smartctl
        • init and telinit
        • isolinux.cfg
        • sync
        • sysctl
        • syslinux
        • lib-modules-kernel-version
        • systemd-delta
        • mount
        • swapoff
        • tune2fs
        • udevadm monitor
        • udevmonitor
        • uefi-grubx64.efi
        • uefi-shim.efi
        • update-rc.d
        • /usr/lib/systemd/
        • usr-src-linux-.config
        • /usr/src/linux
        • /usr/src/linux/Documentation/
        • Xfs_info, Xfs_check, Xfs_repair, Xfsdump and Xfsrestore
        • XZ
        • zImage
      • LPIC2-202
        • /etc/aliases
        • /etc/dovecot
        • /etc/exports
        • /etc/fstab
        • named.conf
        • /etc/nginx
        • /etc/openvpn
        • /etc/passwd
        • /etc/postfix/
        • /etc/samba/
        • /etc/services
        • /etc/ssh/sshd_config
        • /etc/ssh
        • -etc-ssl-, -etc-pki-
        • /proc/mounts
        • /proc/sys/net/ipv4/
        • /proc/sys/net/ipv6/
        • /etc/samba/
        • /var/named/
        • swapon
        • systemctl
        • .htaccess Files
        • Apache2 configuration files
        • AuthUserFile, AuthGroupFile
        • Conditions and comparison operators
        • Configuration files and commands for postfix
        • DHCP Log Messages in Syslog or Systemd Journal
        • DNSSEC
        • traceroute, traceroute6
        • LDIF (LDAP Data Interchange Format)
        • PermitRootLogin, PubKeyAuthentication, AllowUsers, PasswordAuthentication, Protocol
        • Private and public key files
        • SSLCACertificateFile, SSLCACertificatePath
        • SSLEngine, SSLCertificateKeyFile, SSLCertificateFile
        • SSLProtocol, SSLCipherSuite, ServerTokens, ServerSignature, TraceEnable
        • Access Logs:
        • ACL
        • apachectl, apache2ctl
        • tune2fs, dumpe2fs and debugfs
        • dhcpd.conf
        • dhcpd.leases
        • dhcpd
        • dnssec-keygen
        • dnssec-signzone
        • doveadm
        • doveconf
        • dovecot.conf
        • /etc/pam.d
        • exportfs
        • Fail2ban
        • htpasswd
        • http_access
        • httpd, apache2
        • httpd.conf
        • Important Pure-FTPd command line options
        • ip6tables
        • -var-named
        • ldapadd
        • ldapdelete
        • ldappasswd
        • ldapsearch
        • -var-spool-postfix
        • Mail-related logs in /var/log/
        • Master File Format in DNS
        • mod_auth_basic, mod_authz_host and mod_access_compat
        • mount.cifs
        • named-checkconf
        • named-checkzone
        • named-compilezone
        • net
        • Dovecot vacation extension
        • nsswitch.conf
        • OpenSSL
        • OpenVPN
        • pam.conf
        • pam_unix, pam_cracklib, pam_limits, pam_listfile, pam_sss
        • portmapper
        • radvd.conf
        • radvd
        • Resource Record Formats
        • rpcinfo
        • samba-tool
        • Sendmail emulation layer commands
        • slapadd
        • slapcat
        • slapd-config
        • arp
        • keep, fileinto, redirect, reject, discard, stop
        • smbclient
        • Additional Samba Commands: smbcontrol, smbstatus, testparm, smbpasswd, nmblookup
        • SMB Daemons: smbd, nmbd, winbindd
        • squid.conf
        • sshd
        • sssd.conf
        • loglevel
        • vsftpd.conf
        • zone file syntax
      • LPIC3-300
        • IPC$
        • [homes]
        • tunefs.ocfs2
        • vgchange
        • vgcreate
        • HKLM\Software\Samba
        • LDIF (LDAP Data Interchange Format)
        • Microsoft-ADSI-Edit
        • Microsoft-LDP
        • microsoft mmc
        • Microsoft RSAT Tools
        • Microsoft Regedit
        • REG_SZ and REG_MULTI_SZ
        • SeDiskOperatorPrivilege
        • vgdisplay
        • Virtual Machine Generation Identifier
        • Virtual Machine Snapshots
        • allow-dns-updates
        • vgreduce
        • vgreduce
        • vgreduce
        • chmod
        • chown
        • cifscreds
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  1. TXT FILES

cardctl

cardctl

The cardctl command in Linux is used to control PCMCIA cards. PCMCIA cards are credit card-sized devices that can be inserted into a PCMCIA slot on a laptop computer. PCMCIA cards can be used for a variety of purposes, including storage, networking, and communications.

The cardctl command is used in the following syntax:

cardctl [options] [command]

The options can be used to specify the following:

  • -a : List all PCMCIA cards.

  • -i : Identify a PCMCIA card.

  • -m : Modify the configuration of a PCMCIA card.

  • -r : Remove a PCMCIA card.

The command can be used to perform the following tasks:

  • info : Display information about a PCMCIA card.

  • insert : Insert a PCMCIA card.

  • remove : Remove a PCMCIA card.

  • status : Display the status of a PCMCIA card.

For example, to list all PCMCIA cards, you would run the following command:

cardctl -a

This command will list all PCMCIA cards that are currently inserted into the system.

To identify a PCMCIA card, you would run the following command:

cardctl -i 0

This command will identify the PCMCIA card that is in slot 0.

To modify the configuration of a PCMCIA card, you would run the following command:

cardctl -m 0

This command will modify the configuration of the PCMCIA card that is in slot 0.

To remove a PCMCIA card, you would run the following command:

cardctl -r 0

This command will remove the PCMCIA card that is in slot 0.

The cardctl command is a powerful tool that can be used to manage PCMCIA cards. It can be used to troubleshoot PCMCIA card problems, to configure PCMCIA cards, and to remove PCMCIA cards.

Here are some additional things to note about the cardctl command:

  • The cardctl command is part of the pccard package.

  • The cardctl command can be used on any system that uses the Linux kernel.

  • The cardctl command can be used to manage any PCMCIA card that is supported by the Linux kernel.

  • The cardctl command is a safe tool to use. It will not damage any files on the system.

help

cardctl [options] [command]

Control PCMCIA sockets.

Options:

-h, --help           Show this help message.

Commands:

list    List the available PCMCIA sockets.
status  Show the status of a PCMCIA socket.
enable  Enable a PCMCIA socket.
disable Disable a PCMCIA socket.
eject   Eject a PCMCIA card.

breakdown

<<<<<<< Updated upstream
-h, --help: This option shows this help message.
list: This command lists the available PCMCIA sockets.
status: This command shows the status of a PCMCIA socket.
enable: This command enables a PCMCIA socket.
disable: This command disables a PCMCIA socket.
eject: This command ejects a PCMCIA card.

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breakdown

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